What markers actually look for in a first-class essay

Students often assume a higher grade means writing more. In reality, first-class work usually says less, but says it more precisely.

Markers reward a clear, arguable thesis; evidence that's analysed rather than just described; engagement with counter-arguments; and a structure where every paragraph earns its place. Surface polish — grammar, referencing, formatting — is assumed, not rewarded.

Before you submit, read each paragraph and ask: what is this doing for my argument? If you can't answer in a sentence, it probably needs cutting or sharpening.